What is run off?

Runoff is the movement of water over the surface of the Earth towards a body of water, such as a river, lake, or ocean. Runoff can occur naturally from precipitation or snowmelt, or it can be caused by human activities such as farming, construction, or deforestation. Runoff can carry pollutants, such as sediment, fertilizer, or pesticides, into bodies of water, causing environmental damage and health problems for wildlife and humans. The amount and speed of runoff depend on several factors, including the slope of the terrain, the vegetation cover, and the amount of rainfall or snowmelt. Proper management of runoff is essential to prevent flooding, erosion, and pollution and to maintain healthy ecosystems. Methods to manage runoff include the use of permeable surfaces, rain gardens, and bioswales.